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Table 3 BMI independently predicts structural brain volume in older adults with heart failure ( N = 80)

From: Higher BMI is associated with reduced brain volume in heart failure

 

WMH

TBV

Total GM

Subcortical GM

WM

β

SE b

β

SE b

β

SE b

β

SE b

β

SE b

Block 1

 

Age, years

.23*

.02

-.11

1346.84

-.08

811.00

-.14

299.99

-.12

1799.30

Sex

-.15

.41

.01

32167.72

-.22

19369.89

-.12

7164.93

.12

42974.36

Education, years

-.29*

.05

.09

4304.00

-.01

2591.67

.16

958.66

.10

5749.92

LVEF %

-.15

.01

-.03

864.47

.03

520.54

-.03

192.55

-.04

1154.89

Hypertension

-.01

.34

.13

26933.65

-.18

16218.18

.04

5999.12

.20

35981.92

Diabetes

.08

.34

-.07

26560.24

-.11

15993.33

-.16

5915.94

-.05

35483.06

Sleep apnea

-.13

.37

.03

29212.06

.09

17590.13

.15

6506.60

.02

39025.75

MI

.11

.30

.05

23499.98

-.14

14150.58

-.16

5234.31

.08

31394.71

Depression

-.03

.39

.04

31194.14

-.07

18783.64

.01

6948.08

.06

41673.70

ICV

.23

.00

.81**

.08

.63

.05

.58**

.02

.53**

.11

R 2

.25

.67

.38

.35

.40

F

2.25*

14.16*

4.19*

3.68**

4.65**

Block 2

 

CBF-V, cm/s

-.25*

.01

.08

918.63

.04

556.68

.09

205.01

.09

1229.93

R 2

.30

.68

.38

.36

.41

F for ΔR2

6.67*

.98

.11

.71

.68

Block 3

 

BMI, kg/m2

.12

.03

-.16

2166.43

.19

1323.46

-.22

484.27

-.26*

2876.44

R 2

.30

.69

.40

.38

.45

F for ΔR2

.78

3.35

2.22

3.12

4.53*

  1. Note. *p ≤ 0.05; **p < .01; sex: 1 = males and 0 = females; 1 = positive history and 0 = negative history for hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea, MI, and depression.
  2. Abbreviations: β – standardized regression coefficients, SE standard error; BMI Body Mass Index; MI Myocardial infarction; ICV Intracranial Volume; CBF-V Cerebral Blood Velocity of the MCA; WMH White Matter Hyperintensities; GM Gray Matter; WM White Matter Volume.
  3. Volumetric indices units = mm3.