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Table 1 Summary of risk factors, method and time of data collection and category level in analysis
| Variable | Method and time of data collection | Category level in analysis |
|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy risk factors | ||
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | Self-report at 26–28 weeks gestation | No, Yes |
| Gestational diabetes | Extracted from maternity notes | No, Yes |
| Maternal booking BMI | Weight at booking from maternity notes, height measured at 26–28 weeks gestation | Underweight/normal (BMI ≤ 24.9) |
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.9) | ||
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30) | ||
| Postnatal risk factors | ||
| Duration of any breastfeeding | Self-report at 6 and 12 months | Never, 1 day to <1 month, 1 to 4 months, 4+ months |
| Age at weaning on to solids | Self-report at 6 and 12 months | ≥17 weeks, <17 weeks |
| Infant’s total energy intake per day | Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) at 12 months | Kcals per day: continuous |
| Infant’s total protein intake per day | FFQ at 12 months | Grams per day: continuous |
| Caregivers feeding style | Questionnaire at 24 months | Authoritative, Authoritarian, Indulgent, Uninvolved |
| Parenting style – Parental self-efficacy | Questionnaire at 24 months | High, lower scores (bottom quintile) |
| Parenting style –Parental warmth | Questionnaire at 24 months | High, lower scores (bottom quintile) |
| Parenting style – Parental hostility | Questionnaire at 24 months | Low, higher scores (top quintile) |
| Infant TV viewing time | Questionnaire at 24 months | Hours per day: None, 0-1 hr, 1-2 hrs, 2+ hours |
| Maternal TV viewing time | Questionnaire at 24 months | Hours per day: 0-2 hrs, 2-4 hrs, 4 + hrs |
| Total infant sleep duration | Questionnaire at 24 months | Hours per day: <11 hrs, 11-12 hrs, 12-13 hrs, 13 + hrs |
| Mothers physical activity | Questionnaire at 18 months | Sedentary (no activity), insufficiently active (<150 mins per week), sufficiently active (≥150 mins per week) |
