|
Veugelers & Fitzgerald, 2005 [13]/Canada
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Cross-sectional/5,200 Yr 5 students from 228 schools
|
Body Mass Index (BMI)
|
A written survey was completed by the school principal on the presence of healthy menu alternatives.
|
Not reported
|
A Policy-related factor was researched (1)
|
1. School provided healthy menu alternatives: Overweight = OR 0.91 (0.77, 1.09) Obesity = OR 0.85 (0.63, 1.15)
|
5
|
|
Fox et al. 2009 [14]/US
|
Cross-sectional/2,228 Yr 1–12 students from 287 schools
|
BMI (obesity only)
|
A written survey was completed by a foodservice manager about the frequency and type of foods made available in the cafeteria.
|
Not reported
|
Policy (2–6)
|
2. Low-nutrient, energy-dense foods available = OR 1.09 (0.57 – 2.08)^
|
8
|
|
3. Whole or 2% milk offered = OR 1.17 (0.75 – 1.82)^
|
|
4. Fresh fruit/raw vegetables not offered daily = OR 1.13 (0.73 – 1.75)^
|
|
5. French fries/ similar products offered regularly = OR 2.70 (1.58 – 4.62)^
|
|
6. Dessert offered more than once per week = OR 1.78 (1.13 – 2.80)^
|
|
Harrison et al. 2011 [15]/UK
|
Cross-sectional/1,725 Yr 5 students from 92 schools
|
Fat Mass Index (FMI)
|
A written survey was completed by a ‘head teacher’ about school policies.
|
Not reported
|
Physical (7)
|
7. Lower FMI was found in girls attending schools with more pupils in their age group^ (interquartile analysis)
|
4
|
|
Policy(8–11)
|
|
Economic (12)
|
|
A ‘trained assessor’ completed an audit of school grounds.
|
8. Better cycle support was associated with higher FMI in girls^ (interquartile analysis)
|
|
Local council provided general information.
|
9. Higher FMI was associated with boys who were allowed to eat any foods at break-time^ (interquartile analysis)
|
|
Insignificant findings not reported for:
|
|
10. Food-related learning
|
|
11. UK Govt ‘healthy school programme’
|
|
12. Free school meals.
|
|
Rundle et al. 2012 [16]/US
|
Cross-sectional/624,204 Yr K-12 students from 1,276 schools
|
BMI
|
Data were extracted from the New York City Department of Education enrolment database.
|
Not reported
|
Economic (13) & Socio-cultural (14)
|
13. Students received free or reduced-price lunches: Overweight = OR 1.05 (1.00, 1.08)^ and Obesity = OR 1.13 (1.10, 1.18)^
|
5
|
|
Insignificant findings not reported for:
|
|
14. Ethnicity of students in school.
|
|
Leatherdale, 2013 [17]/Canada
|
Cross-sectional/2,331 Yr 1–4 students from 30 schools
|
BMI (over-weight only)
|
A written survey was completed by the ‘senior administrator most knowledgeable about school policies and practices’.
|
Not reported
|
Physical (15–16)
|
15. Moderate level of student access to a variety of facilities on and off school grounds during school hours = OR 0.39 (0.16, 0.92)^
|
1
|
|
Policy (17–21)
|
|
Socio-cultural (22–25)
|
|
A school built environment survey was completed by a ‘trained assessor’ using the ‘Environmental Points of Interest’ tool.
|
16. Good level of student access to a variety of facilities on and off school grounds during school hours = OR 0.32 (0.12, 0.86)^
|
|
Insignificant findings not reported for:
|
|
17. PA used as reward
|
|
18. Good PA transport to and from school
|
|
19. Good implementation of daily PA
|
|
20. Good amount of daily PA
|
|
21. Good training of PA teachers
|
|
22. Good consistency of intramural PA
|
|
23. Good incorporation of PA into other subjects
|
|
24. Good community feedback on school PA
|
|
25. Good PA promotion by teachers
|
