Table 1 Weighted percentages for prevalence of potential covariates and associations with overweight at 7-years
Percent (n) Total | Percent (n) Not overweight at 7 years | Percent (n) Overweight at 7 years | |
|---|---|---|---|
Chi-square test | |||
Birthweight | |||
Normal/high birthweight (≥2500 g) | 94.2 (9784) | 93.9 (7775) | 95.3 (2009) |
Low birthweight (<2500 g) | 5.8 (596) | 6.1 (499) | 4.7 (97) |
p < 0.05 | |||
Pre-term birth | |||
Normal (≥37 weeks) | 93.1 (9708) | 93.2 (7738) | 93.0 (1970) |
Pre-term (<37 weeks) | 6.9 (695) | 6.8 (552) | 7.1 (143) |
p = 0.77 | |||
Maternal age at child’s birth | |||
14–19 years | 7.2 (647) | 7.2 (515) | 7.1 (132) |
20–29 years | 44.6 (4575) | 44.7 (3634) | 44.5 (941) |
30–39 years | 45.9 (4994) | 46.0 (3996) | 45.7 (998) |
40+ years | 2.2 (258) | 2.1 (200) | 2.8 (58) |
p = 0.49 | |||
Maternal ethnicity | |||
White | 88.0 (9057) | 88.4 (7234) | 86.3 (1823) |
Non-white | 12.0 (1393) | 11.6 (1091) | 13.7 (302) |
p < 0.05 | |||
Maternal pre-pregnancy bodysize | |||
Normal / underweight | 71.0 (6964) | 75.0 (5871) | 54.7 (1093) |
Overweight | 29.0 (2988) | 25.0 (2071) | 45.3 (917) |
p < 0.001 | |||
Family structure (9-months–7-years) | |||
Continuous couple families | 72.1 (7728) | 73.1 (6227) | 67.9 (1501) |
Couple families for 1–3 sweeps | 20.9 (2042) | 20.2 (1594) | 23.4 (448) |
Continuous lone-parent families | 7.1 (704) | 6.7 (524) | 8.8 (180) |
p < 0.001 | |||
Maternal highest qualification (9-months)a | |||
Degree | 17.9 (2028) | 19.1 (1729) | 12.8 (299) |
Diploma | 9.4 (1026) | 9.5 (820) | 9.1 (206) |
A/AS/S Levels | 9.8 (1088) | 10.1 (887) | 8.8 (201) |
O Levels/GCSEs A-C | 35.7 (3592) | 35.2 (2797) | 37.7 (795) |
O Levels/GCSEs D-G | 10.9 (1057) | 10.5 (817) | 12.6 (240) |
Other academic qualification | 2.0 (218) | 1.8 (171) | 2.5 (47) |
None of these qualifications | 14.3 (1456) | 13.8 (1117) | 16.6 (339) |
p < 0.001 | |||
Breastfeeding duration | |||
Never | 31.2 (3161) | 30.4 (2434) | 34.6 (727) |
Up to 4 months | 40.8 (4407) | 40.7 (3515) | 41.0 (892) |
Greater than 4 months | 28.0 (2906) | 28.9 (2396) | 24.4 (510) |
p < 0.001 | |||
Introduced to solids before 4-months of age | |||
No | 64.0 (6753) | 64.9 (5462) | 60.4 (1291) |
Yes | 36.0 (3719) | 35.1 (2881) | 39.6 (838) |
p < 0.001 | |||
Maternal smoking during pregnancy | |||
No | 65.6 (7006) | 66.6 (5676) | 61.7 (1330) |
Yes | 34.4 (3439) | 33.4 (2645) | 38.3 (794) |
p < 0.001 | |||
Number of children in household at first sweep (9-months) | |||
1 | 42.0 (4365) | 42.3 (3484) | 40.8 (881) |
2 | 36.6 (3755) | 36.7 (2994) | 36.3 (761) |
3 | 14.5 (1592) | 14.4 (1275) | 15.2 (317) |
4+ | 6.9 (762) | 6.7 (592) | 7.7 (170) |
p = 0.29 | |||