|
Gender (%male)
|
62 (29%)
|
211
|
28 (20%)
|
139
|
0.05#
|
|
Age (years)
|
43 (21–61)
|
211
|
44 (24–61)
|
139
|
0.66*
|
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
43 (33–62)
|
211
|
42 (35–53)
|
139
|
0.09*
|
|
Ethnicity (% Caucasian)
|
195 (93%)
|
210
|
139 (100%)
|
139
|
0.001#
|
|
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
|
17/211 (8%)
|
211
|
37/139 (26%)
|
139
|
<0.001#
|
|
IBS-constipation
|
3/17 (18%)
|
17
|
7/37 (19%)
|
37
|
0.48#
|
|
IBS-diarrhea
|
2/17 (12%)
|
17
|
11/37 (30%)
|
37
| |
|
IBS-mixed
|
11/17 (65%)
|
17
|
18/37 (49%)
|
37
| |
|
IBS-unsubtyped
|
1/17 (6%)
|
17
|
1/37 (3%)
|
37
| |
|
Functional bloating
|
21/205 (10%)
|
205
|
19/138 (14%)
|
138
|
0.32#
|
|
Functional constipation
|
20/205 (10%)
|
205
|
3/135 (2%)
|
138
|
0.006#
|
|
Functional diarrhea
|
9/206 (4%)
|
206
|
4/139 (3%)
|
139
|
0.48#
|
|
Smoking
|
56/204 (28%)
|
204
|
24/139 (17%)
|
139
|
0.03#
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
53/211 (25%)
|
211
|
26/139 (19%)
|
139
|
0.16#
|
|
Hypothyroidism
|
19/211 (9%)
|
211
|
17/138 (12%)
|
138
|
0.32#
|
|
Fibromyalgia
|
20/211 (10%)
|
211
|
25/138 (18%)
|
138
|
0.02#
|
|
Self-reported psychiatric disorder
|
36/211 (17%)
|
211
|
29/139 (21%)
|
139
|
0.37#
|
|
Hemoglobin (g/dl)
|
14.1 (1.1)
|
211
|
14.5 (1.1)
|
136
|
0.006
|
|
White-cell count (×109/l)
|
7.4 (2.4–13.3)
|
210
|
7.5 (4.2–16.1)
|
136
|
0.95*
|
|
Platelet count (×109/l)
|
275 (112–519)
|
210
|
276 (131–939)
|
134
|
0.46*
|
|
HbA1C (%)
|
5.8 (4.7–14.9)
|
211
|
5.5 (4.5–11.5)
|
136
|
<0.001*
|
|
Bilirubin (μmol/l)
|
7 (2–23)
|
210
|
6 (2–28)
|
136
|
0.07*
|
|
C-reactive protein (mg/l)
|
7 (1–50)
|
210
|
5 (0–43)
|
136
|
0.01*
|
|
Cholesterol (mmol/l)
|
4.9 (1.0)
|
210
|
5.1 (1.0)
|
136
|
0.10
|
|
High-density lipoprotein (mmol/l)
|
1.1 (0.5–2.0)
|
210
|
1.1 (0.4–2.2)
|
136
|
0.70*
|
|
Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/l)
|
3.1 (0.9)
|
210
|
3.3 (0.9)
|
136
|
0.02
|
|
Thyroid stimulating hormone (mIE/l)
|
1.4 (0–14.6)
|
210
|
1.7 (0–6.9)
|
136
|
0.11*
|
|
Free T4 (pmol/l)
|
15 (11–28)
|
210
|
15 (10–26)
|
136
|
0.30*
|
|
Vitamin B1 (nmol/l)
|
156 (62–239)
|
210
|
153 (104–246)
|
135
|
0.70*
|
|
Vitamin B6 (nmol/l)
|
29 (5–231)
|
211
|
22 (5–209)
|
133
|
0.01*
|
|
Vitamin B12 (pmol/l)
|
344 (158–1480)
|
211
|
346 (158–1401)
|
136
|
0.80*
|
|
Folic acid (nmol/l)
|
18 (6–46)
|
211
|
17 (7–46)
|
136
|
0.14*
|
|
Use of statins
|
35/211 (17%)
|
211
|
19/138 (14%)
|
138
|
0.48#
|
|
Use of thyroid substitution therapy
|
19/211 (9%)
|
211
|
13/139 (9%)
|
139
|
0.91#
|
