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Table 4 Odds Ratios for Whole Egg categories and Process Meat consumption categories at 6–9 weeks postpartum and substantial postpartum weight retention (≥5 kg) at 1-year (entire sample)a

From: Dietary variables associated with substantial postpartum weight retention at 1-year among women with GDM pregnancy

Whole egg categories

N = 883

None (n = 156)

1 serv/wk. (n = 195)

2–4 serv/wk. (n = 354)

≥ 5 serv/wk. (n = 178)

Overall Groups P-value

Model 1:

 Unadjusted

Referent

1.07 (0.67–1.71)

0.68 (0.44–1.06)

0.55 (0.32–0.93)*

0.021

Model 2:b

 Adjusted

Referent

1.26 (0.73–2.17)

0.71 (0.43–1.18)

0.65 (0.36–1.19)

0.043

Model 3:c

 Adjusted

Referent

1.38 (0.81–2.36)

0.79 (0.48–1.29)

0.74 (0.41–1.34)

0.058

Model 4:d

 Adjusted

Referent

1.35 (0.78–2.36)

0.78 (0.46–1.32)

0.69 (0.37–1.29)

0.064

Processed meats Categories

N = 883

None (n = 344)

1 serv/wk. (n = 245)

2–4 serv/wk. (n = 247)

≥ 5 serv/wk. (n = 47)

Overall Groups P-value

Model 1:

 Unadjusted

Referent

1.11 (0.75–1.64)

0.88 (0.59–1.32)

2.48 (1.31–4.68)*

0.021

Model 2:b

 Adjusted

Referent

0.90 (0.58–1.40)

0.65 (0.41–1.05)

1.28 (0.60–2.72)

0.199

Model 3:c

 Adjusted

Referent

0.92 (0.59–1.44)

0.83 (0.53–1.31)

1.78 (0.87–3.63)

0.238

Model 4:e

 Adjusted

Referent

0.91 (0.57–1.44)

0.69 (0.42–1.13)

1.46 (0.67–3.20)

0.202

  1. *statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) for individual group comparison to the referent group
  2. aData are OR (95% CI)
  3. bModel 2 adjusted for BF duration, pre-pregnancy BMI, education level, gestational weight gain
  4. cModel 3 adjusted for BF duration, pre-pregnancy BMI, education level, gestational weight gain, (baseline glucose tolerance plus transition of glucose tolerant categories from baseline (6–9 weeks postpartum) to 1-year postpartum)
  5. dModel 4 adjusted for BF duration, pre-pregnancy BMI, education level, gestational weight gain, (baseline glucose tolerance plus transition of glucose tolerant categories from baseline (6–9 weeks postpartum) to 1-year postpartum) and soda, fried foods, and processed meats
  6. eModel 4 adjusted for BF duration, pre-pregnancy BMI, education level, gestational weight gain, (baseline glucose tolerance plus transition of glucose tolerant categories from baseline (6–9 weeks postpartum) to 1-year postpartum) and soda, fried foods and eggs