Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic risk factors in a population with mild to severe obesity

Table 1 Participant characteristics stratified by BMI group and fitness

	Mild Obesity		Moderate Obesity		Severe Obesity
	Fit	Unfit	Fit	Unfit	Fit	Unfit
N	107	151	60	181	38	316
Age (y)	51.0(10.5)^bce	54.8(11.0)^acef	43.9(11.2)^abdf	53.5(11.9)^cef	44.0(11.9)^abdf	48.5(11.4)^b-e
Sex (%female)	80.4	75.5	90.0	77.9	86.8	75.0
BMI (kg/m²)	32.2(1.6)^b-f	32.5(2.0)^c-f	37.2(1.5)^abef	37.4(1.4)^abef	43.7(3.2)^a-d,f	47.4(6.6)^a-e
VO_2max (ml/kg/min)	36.6(4.1)^bdf	21.6(6.1)^ace	35.6(1.7)^bdf	20.5(6.1)^ace	35.6(3.1)^bdf	20.4(6.2)^a-c,e
Glucose (mM)	5.7(1.4)^f	5.8(1.3)^f	5.7(1.4)^f	6.0(1.3)^f	5.8(1.1)^f	6.3(1.9)^a-e
HDL (mM)	1.3(0.4)^cdf	1.4(0.4)^cdf	1.2(0.3)^ab	1.2(0.3)^ab	1.3(0.3)	1.2(0.3)^ab
Triglycerides (mM)	1.4(0.9)^df	1.5(0.9)^f	1.4(0.9)^f	1.7(0.8)^a	1.5(0.9)	1.8(1.0)^a-c
SBP (mmHg)	125(12)^df	128(14)^af	125(13)^df	131(13)^a,c,f	128(12)^f	135(14)^a-e
DBP (mmHg)	78(7)^df	79(8)^f	78(7)^df	80(10)^acf	81(10)^f	83(9)^a-e
T2D Med (%)	12.1^df	18.5	18.3	23.2^a	18.4	25.9^ae
BP Med (%)	31.8^d,f	40.4^d,f	28.3^d,f	55.8^a-c,e	23.7^d,f	55.1^a-c,e
Lipid Med (%)	30.8	37.1^c	21.7^bdf	40.9^c,e	21.1^df	37.7^c,e

Mild Obesity (BMI: 30–34.9 kg/m²); Moderate obesity (BMI: 35–39.9 kg/m²); Severe obesity (BMI: ≥ 40 kg/m²). Fit: top 80th percentile for age and sex categories
BMI body mass index, VO_2max maximal oxygen consumption, HDL high density lipoprotein, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, T2D type 2 diabetes
^aSignificantly different compared to fit-mild obesity (P < 0.05)
^bSignificantly different compared to unfit-mild obesity (P < 0.05)
^cSignificantly different compared to fit-moderate obesity (P < 0.05)
^dSignificantly different compared to unfit-moderate obesity (P < 0.05)
^eSignificantly different compared to fit-severe obesity (P < 0.05)
^fSignificantly different compared to unfit-severe obesity (P < 0.05)

ISSN: 2052-9538