Table 2 Comparisons between obese and non-obese, users and non-users of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs
| Â | Abdominal obesity | Anti-hypertensive drugs | Lipid-lowering drugs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | P a | Yes | No | P a | Yes | No | P a | |
N | 49 (17) | 235 (83) | Â | 95 (33) | 189 (67) | Â | 133 (47) | 151 (53) | Â |
Age | 45 (35, 53) | 42 (31, 51) | 0.11 b | 49 (42, 56) | 39 (28, 56) | < 0.001 b | 49 (42, 54) | 34 (27, 44) | < 0.001 b |
Diabetes duration | 22 (14, 28) | 20 (11, 31) | 0.64b | 29 (20, 35) | 16 (9, 25) | < 0.001 b | 26 (14, 34) | 17 (9, 24) | < 0.001 b |
Abdominal obesity | 49 (100) | 0 | Â | 22 (23) | 27 (14) | 0.069 | 31 (23) | 18 (12) | 0.012 |
HbA1c > 52 mmol/mol (>  6.9%) | 45 (92) | 185 (79) | 0.044 | 79 (83) | 151 (80) | 0.63 | 114 (86) | 116 (77) | 0.069 |
HbA1c > 70 mmol/mol (>  8.6%) | 24 (49) | 54 (23) | < 0.001 | 29 (30) | 49 (26) | 0.48 | 40 (30) | 38 (25) | 0.42 |
TC (mmol/l) | 4.7 (4.2, 5.8) | 4.6 (4.1, 5.1) | 0.047 b | – | – | – | 4.5 (4.0, 5.2) | 4.6 (4.1, 5.2) | 0.32 b |
High TC (> 4.5 mmol/l) | 29 (59) | 120 (51) | 0.35 | – | – | – | 63 (47) | 86 (57) | 0.12 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) | < 0.001 b | – | – | – | 1.0 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.8 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.014 b |
High triglycerides (≥ 1.7 mmol/l) | 14 (29) | 20 (8) | < 0.001 | – | – | – | 21 (16) | 13 (9) | 0.070 |
HDL (mmol/l) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.7) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | 0.47 b | – | – | – | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | 0.48 b |
Low HDL (m/w:< 1.04/1.29 mmol/l) | 5 (10) | 27 (11) | > 0.99 | – | – | – | 12 (9) | 20 (13) | 0.35 |
LDL (mmol/l) | 3.2 (2.5, 3.8) | 2.8 (2.4, 3.3) | 0.021 b | – | – | – | 2.7 (2.3, 3.3) | 3.0 (2.5, 3.4) | 0.058 b |
High LDL (> 2.5 mmol/l) | 36 (74) | 146 (62) | 0.14 | – | – | – | 74 (56) | 108 (72) | 0.006 |
Hs-CRP c (mg/l) | 2.5 (0.6, 4.6) | 0.6 (0.2, 1.4) | < 0.001 b | 0.6 (0.3, 1.7) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.9) | 0.87 | 0.6 (0.3, 1.8) | 0.8 (0.3, 1.7) | 0.97 |
SBP (mm Hg) | 130 (120, 132) | 120 (110, 130) | 0.004 b | 130 (125, 135) | 120 (110, 125) | < 0.001 b | – | – | – |
High SBP (> 130 mmHg) | 24 (49) | 76 (32) | 0.033 | 59 (62) | 41 (22) | < 0.001 | – | – | – |
DBP (mm Hg) | 70 (70, 78) | 70 (65, 75) | 0.051 b | 70 (70, 78) | 70 (65, 75) | 0.011 b | – | – | – |
High DBP (>  80 mmHg) | 5 (10) | 8 (3) | 0.054 | 7 (7) | 6 (3) | 0.14 | – | – | – |
Hypoglycemia (severe episodes) | 3 (6) | 10 (4) | 0.48 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Smoking | 4 (9) | 24 (11) | 0.80 | 6 (6) | 22 (12) | 0.20 | 13 (10) | 15 (10) | > 0.99 |
Physical inactivity (<  1/week) | 9 (19) | 22 (10) | 0.084 | 10 (11) | 21 (12) | > 0.99 | 11 (8) | 20 (14) | 0.18 |
CV complications | 5 (10) | 5 (2) | 0.016 | 7 (7) | 3 (2) | 0.018 | 9 (7) | 1 (1) | 0.007 |
LLD | 31 (63) | 102 (43) | 0.012 | 62 (65) | 71 (38) | < 0.001 | – | – | – |
AHD | 22 (45) | 73 (31) | 0.069 | – | – | – | 62 (47) | 33 (22) | < 0.001 |
MDII and OAD | 13 (27) | 4 (2) | < 0.001 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
CSII | 1 (2) | 25 (10) |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
MDII | 35 (71) | 206 (88) |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Reached all treatment targets | 0 | 19 (8) | 0.052 | – | – | – | – | – | – |