Table 1 Background characteristics of participating children by gender and type of school^{a, b}

Number (%)

543 (100)

339 (62.4)

204 (37.6)

272 (50.1)

271 (49.9)

Age (years)

9.8 ± 1.0

9.8 ± 1.0

9.9 ± 1.0

9.8 ± 1.0

9.9 ± 1.0

 8–9

199 (36.7)

129 (38.0)

70 (34.3)

98 (36.0)

101 (37.3)

 10–11

344 (63.4)

210 (62.0

134 (65.7)

174 (64.0)

170 (62.7)

Household size

 ≤ 3

31 (5.7)

17 (5.0)

14 (6.9)

16 (5.9)

15 (5.5)

 4 - 6

323 (59.5)

210 (62.0)

113 (55.4)

170 (62.5)

153 (56.5)

 7 - 10

168 (30.9)

94 (27.7)

74 (36.3)

78 (28.7)

90 (33.2)

 ≥ 10

21 (3.9)

18 (5.3)

3 (1.4)

8 (2.9)

13 (4.8)

Father’s occupation

0.913

`

< 0.0001

 Artisan

149 (27.4)

96 (28.3)

53 (26.0)

34 (12.5)

115 (42.2)

 Trading

58 (10.7)

36 (10.6)

22 (10.8)

42 (15.4)

16 (5.9)

 Professional^c

181 (33.3)

112 (33.0)

69 (33.8)

138 (50.7)

43 (15.9)

 Other

117 (21.6)

69 (20.3)

48 (23.5)

42 (15.4)

75 (27.7)

 I do not know

18 (3.3)

12 (3.5)

6 (2.9)

12 (4.4)

6 (2.2)

 Unemployed/retired

20 (3.7)

14 (4.1)

6 (2.9)

4 (1.5)

16 (5.9)

Mother’s occupation

0.311

 Artisan

75 (13.8)

46 (13.6)

29 (14.2)

38 (14.0)

37 (13.7)

 Trading

290 (53.4)

187 (55.2)

103 (50.5)

142 (52.2)

148 (54.6)

 Professional^c

99 (18.2)

57 (16.8)

42 (20.6)

65 (23.9)

34 (12.6)

 Other

35 (6.5)

23 (6.8)

12 (5.9)

12 (4.4)

23 (8.5)

 I do not know

5 (0.9)

5 (1.5)

–

2 (0.7)

3 (1.1)

 Unemployed/retired

39 (7.2)

21 (6.2)

18 (8.8)

13 (4.8)

26 (9.6)

Socioeconomic status of household

0.639

< 0.0001

 Low

181 (33.3)

116 (34.2)

65 (31.9)

41 (15.1)

140 (51.7)

 Middle

181 (33.3)

115 (33.9)

66 (32.3)

94 (34.6)

87 (32.1)

 High

181 (33.3)

108 (31.9)

73 (35.8)

137 (50.4)

44 (16.2)