|
CON
|
PA
|
HFHC
|
HFHC + PA
|
---|
Body weight (g)
|
444.8 ± 7.6
|
465.5 ± 8.9
|
441.1 ± 9.0
|
422.9 ± 8.0†
|
Retroperitoneal (g)
|
7.8 ± 1.1
|
7.9 ± 0.6
|
12.6 ± 1.2*†
|
9.0 ± 0.7
|
Subcutaneous (g)
|
8.3 ± 1.0
|
8.5 ± 0.7
|
10.1 ± 0.6
|
8.9 ± 1.3
|
Epididymal (g)
|
8.5 ± 1.0
|
6.2 ± 0.3
|
7.6 ± 0.7
|
7.8 ± 0.5
|
Mesenteric (g)
|
7.6 ± 0.9
|
8.5 ± 0.7
|
8.2 ± 0.5
|
7.4 ± 0.4
|
LV and septum (mg/g of bw)
|
2.2 ± 0.08
|
2.0 ± 0.08
|
2.1 ± 0.06
|
2.2 ± 0.08
|
RV (mg/g of bw)
|
0.5 ± 0.05
|
0.4 ± 0.03
|
0.5 ± 0.05
|
0.5 ± 0.02
|
Liver (mg/g of bw)
|
36.9 ± 0.7
|
36.8 ± 0.6
|
36.6 ± 0.9
|
37.5 ± 3.0
|
Spleen (mg/g of bw)
|
2.8 ± 0.1
|
2.7 ± 0.1
|
2.7 ± 0.1
|
2.9 ± 0.1
|
Kidneys (mg/g of bw)
|
7.6 ± 0.2
|
7.1 ± 0.1
|
8.2 ± 0.2*†
|
8.5 ± 0.2*†
|
4-HNE (mmol/L)
|
0.4 ± 0.2
|
10.4 ± 0.9*‡
|
3.6 ± 0.8*§
|
12.2 ± 1.7*‡
|
IL-6 (pg/mL)
|
770.0 ± 91.9
|
194.3 ± 31.5*‡
|
620.0 ± 91.7
|
417.1 ± 35.6*
|
IL-1β (pg/mL)
|
105.4 ± 13.6
|
49.4 ± 8.8*
|
67.2 ± 12.0
|
52.9 ± 3.9*
|
Nitrate/Nitrite (μmol/L)
|
22.6 ± 1.2
|
33.6 ± 2.7
|
68.8 ± 5.2*†§
|
34.5 ± 8.5
|
Glucose (mmol/L)
|
12.0 ± 1.1
|
11.9 ± 1.0
|
15.1 ± 0.6*†
|
12.4 ± 1.0
|
- Data expressed as Mean ± SEM; n = 16 for all groups. CON, control; PA, physical activity treated; HFHC, high-fat, high-carbohydrate fed; HFHC + PA, high-fat, high-carbohydrate fed and physical activity treated. *P < 0.05 vs CON, †P < 0.05 vs PA, ‡P < 0.05 vs HFHC, §P < 0.05 vs HFHC + PA.