Table 1 Demographics, Body Composition, Insulin, Glucose, and Mitochondrial Function of all Participants and Separated by Gender
| Â | All | Female | Male | Â |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | P-value2 | |
Age (years) | 69.2 ± 3.7 | 69.2 ± 3.7 | 69.2 ± 3.8 | 0.97 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 5.1 | 26.3 ± 6.1 | 28.9 ± 3.8 | 0.22 |
Waist Circumference (cm) | 90.7 ± 16.1 | 83.4 ± 18.0 | 97.4 ± 11.0 | 0.03 |
Waist/Hip ratio | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.15 |
Total Fat Mass(kg) | 28.6 ± 8.9 | 28.8 ± 10.9 | 28.3 ± 6.9 | 0.88 |
Total Lean Mass1 (kg) | 7.14 ± 0.8 | 6.5 ± 0.5 | 7.8 ± 0.4 | 0.00 |
Percent Fat Mass | 35.4 ± 6.9 | 39.5 ± 6.3 | 31.3 ± 4.8 | 0.00 |
Leg Fat Mass to Total Fat Mass ratio | 0.3 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.05 | 0.30 ± 0.04 | 0.00 |
Total Thigh Fat (cm3) | 647.0 ± 237.1 | 751.9 ± 256.5 | 550.2 ± 175.9 | 0.03 |
Thigh Subcutaneous Fat (cm3) | 623.7 ± 226.4 | 727.5 ± 241.5 | 528.0 ± 168.4 | 0.02 |
Thigh Intermuscular Fat (cm3) | 23.3 ± 15.9 | 24.4 ± 18.4 | 22.2 ± 13.9 | 0.74 |
Total Thigh Muscle (cm3) | 648.4 ± 153.5 | 517.4 ± 86.0 | 769.4 ± 85.3 | 0.00 |
Thigh Intermuscular Fat/Total Thigh Fat Ratio | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.27 |
HOMA-IR1 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 0.12 |
Insulin (mIU/L)a | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 0.14 |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | 0.07 |
State 3 OCR (pmol/min/5 μg) | 499.7 ± 200.3 | 459.5 ± 230.0 | 536.8 ± 169.2 | 0.35 |
State 4o OCR (pmol/min/5 μg) | 123.1 ± 68.5 | 120.1 ± 68.5 | 125.8 ± 71.1 | 0.84 |
State 3u OCR (pmol/min/5 μg) | 556.6 ± 315.2 | 487.5 ± 344.9 | 620.3 ± 283.8 | 0.30 |
Respiratory Control Ratio (RCR) | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 5.0 ± 1.6 | 0.06 |
Citrate Synthase Activity (μmol/min/mg) | 175.1 ± 77.1 | 161.3 ± 82.4 | 190.2 ± 71.7 | 0.38 |