Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
Total | BMIN/WCN | BMIN/WCO | BMIO/WCN | BMIO/WCO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 10 659 | n = 6 688 | n = 1 594 | n = 171 | n = 2 206 | |
Age (years) | 48.2 (15.4) | 46.1 (14.6) | 56.2 (17.4) | 42.1 (10.9) | 51.6 (15.2) |
Male sex, % | 50.0 | 52.0 | 43.5 | 68.0 | 44.3 |
Education, % | |||||
Secondary school | 37.0 | 33.7 | 44.2 | 35.1 | 44.7 |
Trade, technician’s certificate | 32.2 | 32.1 | 31.9 | 33.5 | 32.8 |
Associate, undergraduate diploma, | 11.7 | 12.3 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 10.5 |
nursing or teaching qualification | |||||
Bachelor degree, post-graduate | 19.1 | 21.9 | 13.4 | 20.4 | 11.9 |
Europid, % | 87.5 | 86.3 | 92.1 | 84.5 | 89.4 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 (4.9) | 24.2 (2.7) | 27.8 (1.9) | 31.0 (0.8) | 34.3 (4.2) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 90.0 (13.6) | 83.6 (9.5) | 98.4 (8.0) | 94.4 (5.8) | 107.5 (11.2) |
TV viewing time, % | |||||
<2 h/day | 6.7 | 7.6 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 5.4 |
2- < 4 h/day | 8.1 | 9.4 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.8 |
≥4 h/day | 85.2 | 83.0 | 91.0 | 90.3 | 88.8 |
Alcohol consumption, ≤10 g/day (%) | 62.1 | 59.4 | 64.5 | 63.6 | 70.5 |
Smoking status, % | |||||
Current smoker | 16.4 | 17.0 | 16.5 | 21.2 | 13.4 |
Ex-smoker | 25.9 | 23.2 | 33.1 | 24.1 | 31.3 |
Non-smoker | 57.8 | 59.8 | 50.3 | 54.7 | 55.3 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 128.1 (18.3) | 124.8 (16.6) | 133.8 (21.4) | 126.8 (12.1) | 136.6 (19.5) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.8 (11.7) | 69.4 (11.0) | 71.9 (13.8) | 72.9 (7.5) | 75.2 (12.2) |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.5 (1.1) | 5.4 (0.8) | 5.7 (1.2) | 5.6 (0.8) | 6.0 (1.7) |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.5 (1.1) | 5.4 (1.0) | 5.8 (1.2) | 5.7 (0.8) | 5.8 (1.2) |
Hypertension, % | 28.9 | 20.8 | 45.0 | 19.0 | 49.7 |
Diabetes, % | 7.0 | 3.7 | 10.7 | 4.0 | 17.2 |
Dyslipidaemia, % | 25.9 | 18.4 | 36.2 | 28.0 | 46.6 |
Cardiovascular disease, % | 7.1 | 5.4 | 13.4 | 2.3 | 9.9 |